Canadian Dental Care Plan
Comprehensive Nursing Notes
Evidence-based nursing approach to understanding the Canadian Dental Care Plan and implementing effective nursing care for dental health.
Overview of the Canadian Dental Care Plan
The Canadian Dental Care Plan (CDCP) is a federal government program designed to reduce financial barriers to oral health care for Canadians who do not have access to dental insurance. Implemented in 2023, this $13-billion program aims to cover basic dentistry costs for uninsured Canadians with household incomes below $90,000.
Key Point
The Canadian Dental Care Plan represents a significant step toward comprehensive healthcare in Canada, addressing the gap in dental coverage that affects millions of citizens. As nursing professionals, understanding this program enables us to better advocate for and guide patients through accessing these essential services.

Infographic overview of the Canadian Dental Care program structure
This program marks a significant shift in Canadian healthcare policy, as dental care has traditionally been excluded from the universal healthcare system. For nursing professionals, understanding the Canadian Dental Care Plan is essential for providing holistic patient care and addressing the significant connection between oral health and overall wellbeing.
Eligibility & Coverage
Who Qualifies for the Canadian Dental Care Plan?
The Canadian Dental Care Plan is being implemented in phases, with different groups becoming eligible at different times:
- Seniors aged 65 and over
- Children under the age of 18
- Adults with a valid federal Disability Tax Credit certificate for 2023
- Eligible Canadians aged 18 to 64 (applications opening in May 2025)
To qualify, applicants must:
- Be Canadian residents
- Have no access to dental insurance
- Have filed their tax return for the previous year
- Have an adjusted family net income under $90,000
Services Covered
Service Category | Covered Services |
---|---|
Diagnostic & Preventive | Dental exams, X-rays, cleaning (scaling), fluoride applications, sealants |
Basic Restorative | Permanent fillings, temporary fillings, pain control, treatments for cavities |
Endodontic | Root canal treatments, pulpectomies, procedures to reduce infection and relieve pain |
Periodontal | Cleaning under the gumline, treating abscesses, non-surgical gum disease management |
Major Restorative | Posts and post removal, repairs to crowns, re-bonding of crowns (Some require preauthorization) |
Prosthodontic | Complete dentures, denture repairs, relines and rebases (Some require preauthorization) |
Oral Surgery | Removal of teeth and roots, surgical removal of tumors and cysts, treatments for broken jaw |
Co-payment Structure
Adjusted Family Net Income | CDCP Coverage | Patient Co-payment |
---|---|---|
Lower than $70,000 | 100% of CDCP fee | 0% |
$70,000 to $79,999 | 60% of CDCP fee | 40% |
$80,000 to $89,999 | 40% of CDCP fee | 60% |
Important Note
Even at 100% coverage, patients may still incur additional charges if the dental provider’s fee exceeds the established CDCP fee schedule or if they opt for services not covered by the plan. Nurses should educate patients about this aspect of the program to avoid unexpected costs.
Nursing Role in Dental Care
Nurses play a crucial role in promoting oral health and supporting patients in accessing dental care through the Canadian Dental Care Plan. Understanding the connection between oral health and systemic conditions is essential for comprehensive nursing care.
Assessment Role
- Conduct thorough oral assessments during routine examinations
- Document oral health status and changes over time
- Identify patients who may benefit from the CDCP
- Recognize early signs of dental problems and their impacts
- Assess the impact of medications on oral health
Educator Role
- Provide education on proper oral hygiene techniques
- Explain the connection between oral health and systemic conditions
- Educate patients about CDCP benefits and eligibility
- Guide patients through the application process
- Clarify coverage details and potential out-of-pocket costs
Care Provider Role
- Assist with oral care for dependent patients
- Implement evidence-based oral care protocols
- Monitor for oral complications of medical treatments
- Provide comfort measures for dental pain
- Collaborate with dental professionals on care plans
Advocate Role
- Advocate for patients’ access to the CDCP
- Help navigate barriers to dental care
- Coordinate between medical and dental care
- Support patients with CDCP application challenges
- Promote oral health policy improvements
Interdisciplinary Collaboration
Nurses should establish collaborative relationships with dental professionals to create a seamless referral system and ensure patients receive comprehensive care. This includes sharing relevant medical information (with patient consent) and following up on dental care outcomes that may impact medical treatment plans.
8 Key Nursing Diagnoses for Dental Care
The following nursing diagnoses and care plans specifically address common issues related to dental health and the Canadian Dental Care Plan. These can be integrated into your nursing practice to improve patient outcomes and support optimal oral health.
1. Impaired Dentition
Definition:
Disruption in tooth development, eruption patterns, or structural integrity of individual teeth.
Related Factors:
- Poor oral hygiene practices
- Inadequate access to dental care
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Systemic conditions (diabetes, autoimmune disorders)
- Financial barriers to dental treatment
- Lack of knowledge about CDCP eligibility
Defining Characteristics:
- Missing or broken teeth
- Tooth decay/cavities
- Dental plaque buildup
- Gum inflammation
- Tooth discoloration
- Halitosis (bad breath)
- Verbalized tooth pain or sensitivity
Assessment Findings:
- Visual inspection reveals dental caries or missing teeth
- Patient reports difficulty chewing or tooth sensitivity
- Presence of gum inflammation or bleeding
- Irregular dental check-up history
- Lack of knowledge about dental benefits through CDCP
Nursing Interventions:
- Conduct a comprehensive oral assessment to document baseline status and specific issues
- Assess patient’s eligibility for the Canadian Dental Care Plan based on income and insurance status
- Provide education on proper oral hygiene techniques, including brushing, flossing, and appropriate mouthwash use
- Assist with CDCP application process if the patient qualifies
- Collaborate with dental professionals to establish a treatment plan
- Monitor and document improvements in oral health following intervention
- Educate on dietary factors that affect dental health (limiting sugary foods, acidic beverages)
Expected Outcomes:
- Patient will demonstrate improved oral hygiene techniques within one week
- Patient will successfully access dental care through CDCP if eligible
- Patient will verbalize understanding of dental care options and coverage details
- Patient will show evidence of improved oral health status at follow-up
- Patient will develop a consistent dental care routine
Evaluation:
- Reassess oral cavity for improvement in condition
- Verify patient’s successful enrollment in CDCP if eligible
- Monitor adherence to oral hygiene recommendations
- Document patient’s verbal feedback regarding pain reduction or improved comfort
- Assess patient’s ability to maintain adequate nutrition
2. Acute Pain related to Dental Conditions
Definition:
Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience arising from actual or potential tissue damage in the oral cavity, or described in terms of such damage; sudden or slow onset of any intensity from mild to severe with an anticipated or predictable end.
Related Factors:
- Dental caries (cavities)
- Exposed nerve endings
- Dental abscess or infection
- Gum disease
- Cracked or broken teeth
- Delayed dental treatment due to financial constraints
- Waiting for CDCP approval or appointment
Defining Characteristics:
- Self-report of pain intensity using standardized pain scale
- Guarding behavior of affected area
- Facial expressions of pain
- Changes in appetite or eating patterns
- Inability to concentrate
- Sleep disturbance
- Avoiding oral hygiene due to pain
Assessment Findings:
- Patient reports localized or generalized oral pain
- Pain worsens with temperature extremes or sweet foods
- Visible swelling, redness, or lesions in the oral cavity
- Limited mouth opening or difficulty eating
- Patient reports delaying treatment due to cost concerns
Nursing Interventions:
- Assess pain characteristics using a standardized pain scale
- Provide information about over-the-counter pain management options appropriate for dental pain
- Teach application of warm or cold compresses to affected area as appropriate
- Educate on avoiding triggers (hot, cold, sweet foods) while awaiting treatment
- Provide urgent referral to dental professionals for severe pain
- Assist with expedited CDCP application if eligible and not enrolled
- Document pain pattern, interventions, and response
- Follow up on dental appointments and treatment outcomes
Expected Outcomes:
- Patient will report decreased pain levels within 24-48 hours
- Patient will verbalize understanding of pain management strategies
- Patient will obtain appropriate dental care through CDCP if eligible
- Patient will demonstrate improved ability to maintain adequate nutrition despite pain
- Patient will verbalize understanding of when to seek emergency dental care
Evaluation:
- Reassess pain levels using standardized scale
- Monitor effectiveness of pain management strategies
- Verify patient has scheduled or received dental treatment
- Assess improved ability to perform daily activities
- Document resolution of acute symptoms following treatment
3. Risk for Infection related to Oral Health Issues
Definition:
Vulnerable to invasion and multiplication of pathogenic organisms in the oral cavity, which may compromise health.
Risk Factors:
- Compromised oral integrity (broken teeth, lesions)
- Inadequate oral hygiene
- Untreated dental caries
- Periodontal disease
- Immunocompromised status
- Diabetes or other chronic conditions
- Delayed dental care due to lack of insurance or waiting for CDCP approval
Potentially Related Conditions:
- Dental abscess
- Gingivitis
- Periodontitis
- Aspiration pneumonia
- Bacteremia
- Endocarditis (in at-risk patients)
- Ludwig’s angina
Assessment Findings:
- Visible signs of infection in oral cavity (swelling, redness, purulent discharge)
- Elevated temperature or localized warmth
- Presence of risk factors for oral infections
- History of recurrent oral infections
- Inadequate knowledge of infection prevention
Nursing Interventions:
- Conduct thorough oral assessment to identify potential infection sources
- Monitor for signs and symptoms of local and systemic infection
- Teach proper oral hygiene techniques with emphasis on infection prevention
- Educate on the importance of completing full course of prescribed antibiotics if applicable
- Discuss services covered under CDCP for treating infections and preventing recurrence
- Assist with urgent dental referrals for signs of serious infection
- Provide education on the link between oral infections and systemic health
- Document infection risk factors and prevention strategies discussed
Expected Outcomes:
- Patient will remain free from signs of oral infection
- Patient will demonstrate proper oral hygiene techniques
- Patient will verbalize understanding of infection prevention strategies
- Patient will access appropriate dental care through CDCP if eligible
- Patient will recognize and report early signs of infection
Evaluation:
- Monitor for signs and symptoms of infection
- Assess patient’s adherence to oral hygiene protocols
- Verify completion of dental treatment if infection was present
- Document improvement in oral health status
- Evaluate patient’s understanding of early infection signs
4. Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements related to Impaired Dentition
Definition:
Intake of nutrients insufficient to meet metabolic needs due to difficulty consuming adequate food because of oral health problems.
Related Factors:
- Missing or damaged teeth affecting chewing ability
- Oral pain causing decreased appetite
- Ill-fitting dentures or dental appliances
- Food avoidance due to dental sensitivity
- Limited food choices due to chewing difficulties
- Delayed dental treatment due to financial barriers or awaiting CDCP approval
Defining Characteristics:
- Weight loss or failure to maintain appropriate weight
- Reports of difficulty chewing or swallowing
- Altered taste sensation
- Food avoidance patterns
- Abdominal pain or cramping
- Weakness and fatigue
- Laboratory evidence of nutritional deficiencies
Assessment Findings:
- Patient reports changes in food preferences due to dental issues
- Unintentional weight loss documented
- Physical examination reveals signs of nutritional deficiencies
- Oral examination shows impaired dentition affecting eating
- Food diary indicates limited variety or nutritional inadequacy
Nursing Interventions:
- Conduct nutritional assessment, including weight history and current dietary patterns
- Collaborate with dietitian to develop modified diet plan appropriate for dental status
- Teach food preparation techniques that accommodate dental limitations (softening, pureeing)
- Educate on high-nutrient foods that require minimal chewing
- Discuss coverage options for dentures or dental repairs through CDCP
- Monitor weight and nutritional status regularly
- Provide information on oral nutritional supplements when appropriate
- Coordinate with dental professionals regarding treatments that could improve eating ability
Expected Outcomes:
- Patient will maintain or achieve appropriate weight
- Patient will demonstrate increased dietary diversity despite dental limitations
- Patient will verbalize strategies for adequate nutrition with dental challenges
- Patient will access dental care through CDCP to address underlying dentition issues
- Patient will show improved energy levels and physical strength
Evaluation:
- Monitor weight trends and nutritional laboratory values
- Assess patient’s compliance with dietary modifications
- Document improvement in nutritional intake
- Verify progress with dental treatment plan
- Evaluate patient’s satisfaction with eating ability
5. Deficient Knowledge regarding Dental Care and CDCP
Definition:
Absence or deficiency of cognitive information related to dental care, oral health practices, and available resources through the Canadian Dental Care Plan.
Related Factors:
- Lack of exposure to information about CDCP
- Misinformation about eligibility requirements
- Cognitive limitations
- Language barriers
- Complex program details
- Limited health literacy
- Limited access to educational resources
Defining Characteristics:
- Verbalizes misconceptions about dental care or CDCP
- Demonstrates inadequate oral hygiene techniques
- Asks multiple questions about coverage details
- Expresses confusion about application process
- Shows inaccurate follow-through on instructions
- Exhibits inappropriate or exaggerated behaviors
- Has not applied despite being eligible
Assessment Findings:
- Patient demonstrates poor understanding of oral health concepts
- Patient is unaware of CDCP eligibility criteria despite appearing to qualify
- Patient expresses misconceptions about what services are covered
- Patient shows inadequate dental hygiene techniques
- Patient cannot explain the connection between oral health and general health
Nursing Interventions:
- Assess current knowledge level regarding oral health and CDCP
- Provide clear, concise information about CDCP eligibility, coverage, and application process
- Demonstrate proper oral hygiene techniques with return demonstration
- Use visual aids and written materials at appropriate literacy level
- Provide materials in patient’s preferred language when possible
- Connect patient with appropriate resources for application assistance
- Explain the relationship between oral health and systemic conditions
- Document educational interventions and patient’s understanding
Expected Outcomes:
- Patient will verbalize accurate information about CDCP eligibility and coverage
- Patient will demonstrate proper oral hygiene techniques
- Patient will successfully complete CDCP application if eligible
- Patient will verbalize understanding of the connection between oral and overall health
- Patient will explain appropriate dental care seeking behaviors
Evaluation:
- Verify patient’s understanding through teach-back method
- Assess patient’s ability to demonstrate oral care techniques
- Monitor successful completion of CDCP application process
- Document improvements in knowledge and practice
- Identify areas requiring reinforcement
6. Ineffective Health Maintenance related to Dental Care Access
Definition:
Inability to identify, manage, and/or seek help to maintain dental health due to financial, social, or knowledge barriers.
Related Factors:
- Insufficient financial resources for dental care
- Lack of knowledge about CDCP eligibility
- Complex healthcare system
- Transportation difficulties
- Dental anxiety or fear
- Previous negative dental experiences
- Competing life priorities (work, family responsibilities)
Defining Characteristics:
- History of missed dental appointments
- Reported barriers to accessing care
- Demonstrated inability to take responsibility for meeting dental needs
- Lack of preventive dental care history
- Seeking care only for emergencies
- Lack of knowledge about available resources
- Deterioration of oral health condition
Assessment Findings:
- Patient reports extended period without dental care
- Patient cites financial limitations as reason for delaying care
- Evidence of progressive dental disease
- Patient is unaware of available resources like CDCP
- Patient expresses feeling overwhelmed by healthcare system
Nursing Interventions:
- Assess specific barriers to dental care maintenance
- Provide information about CDCP eligibility and application process
- Assist with navigation of healthcare system and dental resources
- Help develop a realistic dental care maintenance plan
- Provide resources for transportation assistance if needed
- Address dental anxiety through education and supportive counseling
- Connect with community health workers or social services if appropriate
- Document barriers addressed and resources provided
Expected Outcomes:
- Patient will identify personal barriers to dental care maintenance
- Patient will access the Canadian Dental Care Plan if eligible
- Patient will schedule and attend dental appointments
- Patient will develop strategies to overcome identified barriers
- Patient will establish a regular dental care routine
Evaluation:
- Monitor patient’s progress in accessing dental care
- Verify CDCP application status if applicable
- Assess attendance at scheduled dental appointments
- Document strategies developed to address barriers
- Evaluate improvement in health maintenance behaviors
7. Anxiety related to Dental Procedures
Definition:
Vague, uneasy feeling of discomfort or dread accompanied by an autonomic response in anticipation of dental treatment; the source is often nonspecific or unknown to the individual.
Related Factors:
- Previous negative dental experiences
- Fear of pain or needles
- Concerns about cost and coverage through CDCP
- Unfamiliar environment
- Loss of control during procedures
- Cultural perceptions about dental care
- Shame or embarrassment about dental condition
Defining Characteristics:
- Expressed worry about dental visits
- Increased tension
- Sympathetic stimulation (increased HR, BP)
- Avoidance behaviors
- Difficulty sleeping before appointments
- Expressed uncertainty about what to expect
- Restlessness and scanning behavior
Assessment Findings:
- Patient reports anxiety or fear about dental procedures
- History of canceling or postponing dental appointments
- Increased vital signs when discussing dental treatment
- Physical symptoms of anxiety (sweating, trembling, rapid breathing)
- Verbalization of specific dental fears or concerns about CDCP coverage
Nursing Interventions:
- Assess level and specific sources of dental anxiety
- Provide clear information about what to expect during dental procedures
- Clarify CDCP coverage details to reduce financial anxiety
- Teach relaxation techniques (deep breathing, guided imagery, progressive muscle relaxation)
- Discuss options for anxiety management during dental care (headphones, stress balls)
- Encourage expression of specific fears and concerns
- Provide information about sedation options covered by CDCP
- Suggest gradual exposure through short, non-invasive dental visits first
Expected Outcomes:
- Patient will verbalize reduced anxiety about dental procedures
- Patient will attend scheduled dental appointments
- Patient will demonstrate use of anxiety management techniques
- Patient will express confidence in understanding CDCP coverage
- Patient will show physiological stability during dental discussions
Evaluation:
- Monitor anxiety levels using standardized assessment tools
- Assess attendance at dental appointments
- Verify use of learned coping strategies
- Document patient’s self-report of anxiety reduction
- Evaluate physiological indicators of stress
8. Disturbed Body Image related to Dental Appearance
Definition:
Confusion in mental picture of one’s physical self due to visible dental conditions that affect appearance.
Related Factors:
- Missing, discolored, or damaged teeth
- Inability to afford cosmetic dental care
- Limited coverage for aesthetic procedures under CDCP
- Cultural or social emphasis on dental appearance
- Impact on social interactions and relationships
- Employment concerns related to appearance
- History of bullying or negative comments about teeth
Defining Characteristics:
- Verbalization of negative feelings about dental appearance
- Covering mouth when speaking or smiling
- Avoiding social situations
- Expressed concern about others’ reactions
- Preoccupation with appearance
- Expressed desire for dental cosmetic procedures
- Reported changes in social interactions
Assessment Findings:
- Patient expresses embarrassment about dental appearance
- Observable changes in social behavior (avoiding smiling, covering mouth)
- Reports of career or relationship impact
- Expressed desire for dental procedures not covered by CDCP
- Signs of psychological distress related to appearance
Nursing Interventions:
- Assess psychological impact of dental appearance on self-concept
- Explore options for improving dental appearance through CDCP coverage
- Discuss realistic expectations regarding covered dental procedures
- Provide supportive counseling regarding self-concept and social interactions
- Refer to mental health resources if significant psychological distress is present
- Explore additional resources or programs for procedures not covered by CDCP
- Discuss coping strategies for social situations
- Document body image concerns and interventions provided
Expected Outcomes:
- Patient will verbalize improved acceptance of dental appearance
- Patient will demonstrate increased comfort in social interactions
- Patient will access appropriate dental care through CDCP
- Patient will demonstrate realistic expectations regarding dental aesthetics
- Patient will utilize effective coping strategies
Evaluation:
- Assess changes in verbal expressions regarding dental appearance
- Monitor behavioral indicators of body image disturbance
- Document progress with dental treatment plan
- Evaluate improvement in social interactions
- Assess effectiveness of coping strategies
Memory Aids for Dental Care
The following mnemonics and memory aids will help nursing students remember key concepts related to the Canadian Dental Care Plan and dental health assessment.
CDCP Eligibility: “NO GAPS”
- No dental insurance (private or employer)
- Only Canadian residents qualify
- Gross adjusted income below $90,000
- Annual tax filing required
- Priority groups (seniors, children, disability)
- Services covered vary by income level
Oral Assessment: “BRUSHED”
- Bleeding or swelling of gums
- Redness or inflammation
- Unusual lesions or discoloration
- Sensitivity to temperature or pressure
- Halitosis (bad breath)
- Enamel condition and decay
- Dentition status (missing or damaged teeth)
Dental Pain Assessment: “SOCRATES”
- Site (location of pain)
- Onset (when it began)
- Character (sharp, dull, throbbing)
- Radiation (does it spread)
- Associations (what makes it worse/better)
- Time course (constant or intermittent)
- Exacerbating/relieving factors
- Severity (pain scale 0-10)
Nursing Role in CDCP: “DENTAL”
- Detect eligibility for program benefits
- Educate on coverage and application process
- Navigate healthcare system barriers
- Teach oral hygiene practices
- Advocate for access to care
- Link patients with appropriate resources
Warning Signs of Dental Emergencies: “PAIN FAST”
- Prolonged, severe pain unrelieved by over-the-counter medication
- Abscess or swelling that affects breathing or swallowing
- Infection signs (fever, facial swelling, red streaking)
- New trauma to teeth or jaw
- Fractures of teeth exposing nerve
- Avulsed (knocked out) tooth
- Severe bleeding from gums or mouth
- Trismus (difficulty opening mouth)
Flowcharts & Visual Aids
These visual tools will help you understand the processes and decision-making related to the Canadian Dental Care Plan and dental care.
CDCP Eligibility & Application Process

CDCP application process flowchart
Nursing Assessment for Dental Health

Clinical decision flowchart for dental assessment
Oral Health Management Protocol

Recommended protocol for oral health management
Nursing Care Plan Structure for Dental Patients

Structured approach to nursing care plans for dental patients
Additional Resources
The following resources provide additional information about the Canadian Dental Care Plan and nursing considerations for dental health.
Official CDCP Resources
Dental Health Education
Summary
The Canadian Dental Care Plan represents a significant initiative to improve access to dental care for eligible Canadians without dental insurance. As nursing professionals, understanding this program is essential for providing comprehensive care and advocating for patients’ oral health needs.
Key Takeaways
- The CDCP provides coverage for eligible Canadians with adjusted family income under $90,000
- Implementation is phased, with priority groups including seniors, children, and those with disabilities
- Co-payment amounts vary based on income level
- Many services require preauthorization
- Nurses play vital roles in assessment, education, care provision, and advocacy
Nursing Implications
- Assess patients for potential eligibility for CDCP
- Educate patients about application process and coverage details
- Include oral health in comprehensive nursing assessment
- Develop care plans addressing oral health needs
- Collaborate with dental professionals for optimal patient outcomes
- Advocate for expanded dental coverage and access
Remember that the Canadian Dental Care Plan continues to evolve, and staying current with program updates is essential for providing accurate information to patients. By understanding the eight nursing diagnoses presented in these notes, nurses can effectively address the oral health needs of their patients while helping them navigate the CDCP.